More recent historiography, heavily influenced by Lewis Namier, has often equated them with eighteenth-century connections. His son often used the sun in splendour, commemorating the parhelia that appeared on the eve of his victory at Mortimer's Cross on 2 February 1461 and in their portraits and effigies his household servants usually bore a collar of suns and roses.Įarly twentieth-century historians like Josiah Wedgwood tended to liken the Yorkists, and their opponents the Lancastrians, to modern political parties. Richard of York's preferred badge was the falcon and fetlock. However, although one of the devices used by Edward IV, it only became the dominant symbol for the dynasty after 1485. Traditionally the Yorkists have been identified by the badge of the white rose. It was left to his eldest son and heir to achieve his father's ambition in March 1461. Acknowledged as heir to the throne by parliament in October 1460, York was killed in battle at Wakefield on 30 December following, before he could make good his right. Ultimately, in 1460, he claimed the throne himself by superior hereditary right through his descent from Edward III. His exclusion led him in the 1450s to use ever more extreme means to force himself upon the feckless and feeble Henry VI as his principal councillor. Despite his status and wealth he never enjoyed particular favour and prominence at court. Duke Richard was a cousin of Henry VI and between 14 next in line to the throne.
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